參考
預報術語
風暴選單、模式面板與地圖彈窗使用的縮寫。
海域代碼
- AL
大西洋
北大西洋海域，包含加勒比海與墨西哥灣。
- EP
東太平洋
西經 140 度以東的東北太平洋海域。
- CP
中太平洋
西經 140 度到國際換日線之間的北中太平洋海域。
- WP
西北太平洋
JTWC/JMA 監測的主要颱風海域。
- IO
北印度洋
北印度洋海域，包含孟加拉灣與阿拉伯海。
- SH
南半球
JTWC ATCF 資料使用的南半球熱帶氣旋海域。
強度分級
| 代碼 | 含義 | 最低風速 |
|---|---|---|
TD | 熱帶性低氣壓 | 0 kt |
TS | 熱帶風暴 | 34 kt |
C1 | 一級颶風 | 64 kt |
C2 | 二級颶風 | 83 kt |
C3 | 三級颶風 | 96 kt |
C4 | 四級颶風 | 113 kt |
C5 | 五級颶風 | 137 kt |
機構
- NHC
美國國家颶風中心
NOAA 負責大西洋與東/中太平洋熱帶氣旋預報的機構。
- JTWC
聯合颱風警報中心
提供西北太平洋、印度洋與南半球熱帶氣旋警報的美國機構。
單位
- kt
節
風速單位，等於每小時一海里，約 1.852 km/h。
- km/h
公里/小時
地圖彈窗中與節並用的公制風速單位。
- mph
英里/小時
部分公開預報與設定中使用的英制風速單位。
- MSLP
最低海平面氣壓
估計的風暴中心氣壓，通常以 hPa 或 mb 表示。
模式縮寫
Model identifiers are ATCF shorthand. Each link points to the operating agency's official documentation for that model family.
官方
The human-issued forecast from the warning agency. In Atlantic and east Pacific storms that means NHC; in western Pacific and other JTWC basins it follows JTWC guidance.
Official agency forecast
AI
NOAA's deterministic AI global forecast stream, designed as a fast machine-learning counterpart to traditional global model guidance.
NOAA deterministic AI global model
The mean track from NOAA's AI global ensemble family. It is a probabilistic centerline rather than a single deterministic model run.
Mean of NOAA's 31-member AI ensemble
A hybrid ensemble mean that blends AI-driven guidance with physics-based ensemble output, useful when the spread is large.
62-member hybrid AI + physics ensemble mean
全球模式
ATCF's GFS identifier. GFS is NOAA/NCEP's primary global numerical prediction system and one of the baseline models for tropical guidance.
ECMWF's Integrated Forecasting System. It is often referred to as the European model and is a core global forecast reference.
Availability varies by basin
The Met Office Unified Model, a global numerical model family used for weather and climate prediction across several time scales.
Canada's Global Deterministic Prediction System, also commonly surfaced as CMC or GDPS in model guidance displays.
The U.S. Navy global model produced through FNMOC, descended from NOGAPS and used as a global medium-range guidance source.
颶風模式
One HAFS configuration. HAFS is NOAA's next-generation hurricane model with ocean coupling and storm-scale data assimilation.
A second HAFS configuration, usually read alongside HAFS-A to compare model physics and initialization differences.
NOAA's legacy high-resolution hurricane model, built around nested storm-following grids for track, intensity, and structure guidance.
A NOAA hurricane model stream listed with NCEP hurricane products. It is often viewed alongside HWRF and HAFS guidance.
共識
A consensus aid. Consensus tracks combine selected objective guidance, giving forecasters a stable center of gravity across models.
集合平均
The GEFS ensemble mean. It summarizes the NOAA global ensemble member spread into a single average track.
The Canadian ensemble mean, derived from ECCC's Global Ensemble Prediction System.
The FNMOC ensemble mean, used here as the Navy ensemble centerline when available in ATCF guidance.
集合成員
Individual AI ensemble members. The members show spread and alternate solutions, while the mean compresses them into a single guide.
Individual AI ensemble member tracks
Individual GEFS member tracks. They show the spread of solutions that the ensemble mean averages together.
Individual Canadian ensemble members from the ECCC ensemble system, shown as lower-emphasis spread tracks.
Individual FNMOC ensemble members, shown as a spread family for alternate global solutions.